Spatial Approximate String Search

ABSTRACT:

This work deals with the approximate string search in large spatial databases. Specifically, we investigate range queries augmented with a string similarity search predicate in both Euclidean space and road networks. We dub this query the spatial approximate string (SAS) query. In Euclidean space, we propose an approximate solution, the MHR-tree, which embeds min-wise signatures into an R-tree. The min-wise signature for an index node u keeps a concise representation of the union of q-grams from strings under the sub-tree of u. We analyze the pruning functionality of such signatures based on the set resemblance between the query string and the q-grams from the sub-trees of index nodes. We also discuss how to estimate the selectivity of a SAS query in Euclidean space, for which we present a novel adaptive algorithm to find balanced partitions using both the spatial and string information stored in the tree. For queries on road networks, we propose a novel exact method, RSASSOL, which significantly outperforms the baseline algorithm in practice. The RSASSOL combines the q-gram based inverted lists and the reference nodes based pruning. Extensive experiments on large real data sets demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our approaches.